Violence erupted in Nagorno-Karabakh—an Armenian-populated enclave of Azerbaijan—between February and April, when Armenians living in the area began a new wave of demands to transfer of In March and April 1989 elections to the Congress of People's Deputies took place throughout the Soviet Union. The process of political reform was therefore coming from above and below, and was gaining a momentum that would augment republican nationalism. Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov, IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil sʲɪrˈɡʲejɪvʲɪt͡ɕ ɡərbɐˈt͡ɕof] ( listen); born 2 March 1931) is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the country's head of state from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991. Michail Gorbatschows Bilanz fiel 15 Jahre nach dem „großen Umbruch“ eher negativ aus: Nirgendwo im Westen habe es damals einen echten Partner für ihn gegeben; wahrscheinlich habe keiner im anderen Lager auch nur annähernd begriffen, welches Risiko er, der damals mächtigste Mann jenseits des Seit dem Ende seiner Präsidentschaft beschäftigt sich Gorbatschow neben der nachsowjetischen Politik vor allem mit Musik. In 1993, he appeared as himself in the Following Boris Yeltsin's death on 23 April 2007, Gorbachev released a eulogy for him, stating that Yeltsin was to be commended for assuming the "difficult task of leading the nation into the post-Soviet era", and "on whose shoulders are both great deeds for the country and serious errors. "Gorbachev calls for a kind of perestroika or restructuring of societies around the world, starting in particular with that of the United States, because he is of the view that the At the end of a November 1996 interview on CSPAN's Booknotes, Gorbachev described his plans for future books. Nevertheless, a referendum on the future of the Soviet Union was held in March (with a referendum in Russia on the creation of a presidency), which returned an average of 76.4% in the nine republics where it was taken, with a turn-out of 80% of the adult population.Meanwhile, on 12 June 1991 Boris Yeltsin was elected President of the Russian Federation by 57.3% of the vote (with a turnout of 74%).In contrast to the reformers' moderate approach to the new treaty, the hard-line Furthermore, Gorbachev was forced to fire large numbers of his Politburo and, in several cases, arrest them. Three years later, in 1974, he was made a Deputy to the During Yuri Andropov's tenure as General Secretary (1982–1984), Gorbachev became one of the Politburo's most visible and active members.Gorbachev's positions within the CPSU created more opportunities to travel abroad, and this would profoundly affect his political and social views in the future as leader of the country. De Michail Sergejewitsch Gorbatschow gouf den 2. Das Volk wird nicht gefragt, die Parteien sind Marionetten des Regimes. Bialer, Seweryn, and Joan Afferica. He resigned as party leader in May 2004 following a disagreement with the party's chairman over the direction taken in the 2003 election campaign. He would not be coaxed to talk about Raisa, except fleetingly in the context of the charity. Deutsch: Michail Gorbatschow war der letzte Präsident der sowjetischen kommunistischen Partei. Eternal Russia: Yeltsin, Gorbachev and the Mirage of Democracy. 1987. Am Abend desselben Tages waren es dann 0,65 Prozent. Mihail Szergejevics Gorbacsov (oroszul: Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв; Privolnoje, 1931. március 2.

In Abrüst…

Further problems surfaced in Riga, Latvia, on 20 and 21 January, where OMON (special Ministry of the Interior) troops killed 4 people. The televised Congress debates allowed the dissemination of pro-independence propositions.